Egypt signs major wheat deals with France, Romania amid push to diversify imports
The deals, announced on June 5, are part of a wider strategy aimed at stabilizing wheat imports in the face of escalating global supply uncertainties and price volatility
EGYPT – Egypt’s state grain purchasing agency, Mostakbal Misr, has secured major wheat contracts with French and Romanian suppliers, marking a significant move to diversify the country’s grain imports and reduce reliance on the Black Sea region.
The deals, announced on June 5, are part of a wider strategy aimed at stabilizing wheat imports in the face of escalating global supply uncertainties and price volatility.
Egypt, one of the world’s largest wheat importers, has historically relied heavily on the Black Sea region, primarily Russia and Ukraine, for its wheat needs.
However, the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine has severely disrupted supply routes and created volatility in global wheat markets. Sanctions, export restrictions, and logistical challenges have further complicated exports from the region, driving up prices and increasing uncertainty for major importers like Egypt.
In response, Mostakbal Misr has shifted its procurement strategy, moving away from dependence on traditional suppliers. The agency now holds a leading position in global supply routes, sourcing wheat not only from Europe but also from South America and Australia.
This broadening of supply sources is designed to enhance food security and ensure price stability for Egypt’s large population, which relies heavily on bread as a dietary staple.
“Deferred purchases are an integral part of our risk management strategy,” a spokesperson from Mostakbal Misr said. “They allow us to anticipate market shifts and ensure timely deliveries at competitive prices.”
Egypt received substantial shipments of wheat and vegetable oil in May from various international partners, reinforcing what the agency describes as “strong, constant, and expanding” supply chains. The latest acquisitions align with the country’s broader food security agenda, which includes building strategic reserves of staple commodities.
According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Egypt imported an estimated 11 million tonnes of wheat in 2024, with over 70% previously coming from Black Sea countries.
However, war-related disruptions and export policies in Russia and Ukraine have pushed the country to diversify. France and Romania, both members of the European Union, are increasingly filling the gap, supported by their strong harvests and competitive freight options.
The shift in Egypt’s import strategy also mirrors broader trends in global grain trade. A recent FAO report highlighted the increasing importance of “market agility” and diversification in national food systems amid growing global trade uncertainties.
With climate change, trade restrictions, and regional conflicts threatening traditional supply routes, countries like Egypt are investing in more flexible sourcing and long-term procurement strategies.
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